While the terms “distributed systems” and “distributed computing” are often used interchangeably, for my purposes, I’ve found it useful to draw a distinction. Distributed systems research is often focused on how to get multiple components of a system to act together in a reliable way, whereas distributed computing research is focused on how to use multi-component systems to solve a problem by breaking it down into different parts. While distributed systems is more of an engineering discipline focused on systems architecture, distributed computing is more of a mathematical discipline focused on the design of algorithms.

These are the notes I took while watching How to Speak, which was MIT professor Patrick Henry Winston’s yearly lecture on how to give talks. (It’s an iconic lecture, and you should definitely watch it). These notes are the key points, and they’re mainly for me, but I thought I’d share them here in case someone else might benefit.

I think the way we teach kids to think about and categorize questions is completely wrong. If I think back to any time I’ve been taught about questions formally, I’ve always been taught to think about the 5 W’s: Who, What, Where, When, Why – and the H: How? These are perfectly good questions to focus on if you’re a journalist writing a news story, but most of us are not journalists, and I’ve found a broader range of questions to be useful or relevant in my day-to-day life.

I recently decided I wanted try presenting my work at an academic conference, so I had to write and submit an abstract for my proposed presentation. The problem, of course, was that I had no idea how to write a scientific abstract, which was a bit of a problem. Most of the advice I received and could find online was too vague for my taste, so I decided to take matters into my own hands and deconstruct some abstracts to see how those authors did it. And I’m really glad I did, because it was very enlightening.

I think the best thing to do as an undergrad at a conference is to be observant, since it’s pretty low-stakes at that point. Part of doing this is to see how academics interact to see whether or not you want to do this. What do people wear, how do they speak, what do they talk about, etc.

1. If you can, ask questions of the speakers after talks! Asking good questions during sessions is powerful (it gets you noticed!)¹

2. There seems to be a rough heuristic that you have to be a decent-ish speaker to become a professor.² (Virtually all of the professors I listened to were strong speakers; the grad students and post docs were a mixed bag.)

3. If you can, introduce yourself to people and join conversations; try to fully be a participant.